Advance in prediction models for diabetic kidney disease / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, with high incidence and disease burden, and has become the main cause of end-stage kidney disease. This article reviews the epidemiological features of DKD, unmet clinical needs, and the progress of prediction model for DKD in detail, by combining the relevant hotspots of the 57 th European Association for the Study of Diabetes scientific annual meeting in an attempt to provide references for the formulation of DKD clinical strategies.

CT-guided minimally-invasive penile fracture repair

ABSTRACT We present the case of a 28 year old patient with an incomplete tear of the tunica albuginea occurred after having sexual intercourse in the female superior position. The diagnostic assessment was performed first clinically, then with CT, owing to its high resolution, allowed to exactly detect the tear location leading to precise preoperative planning. After adequate diagnosis through imaging and proper planning, the patient was performed a selective minimally invasive surgical approach to repair the lesion. The patient had good erection with no angular deformity or plaque formation after a 3-month follow-up.

Effect of three-dimensional reconstruction system in evaluation of resection volume and margin of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To study three-dimensional reconstruction system (IQQA-Liver) in evaluation of resection volume and margin of hepatocellular carcinoma.Method Data of 51 hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing hepatectomy from March 2014 to October 2015 were analyzed retrospectively.All patients received preoperative ultrasound and CT/MIR evaluation.Three-dimensional reconstruction system (IQQA-Liver) was used to reconstruct tumor shape and location,the relationship between tumor and adjacent vessels or bile ducts.Then liver volume,liver resection volume,residual liver volume and surgical margin were calculated and compared with the actual resection liver values and actual margin.Results Images of three-dimensional reconstruction system (IQQA-Liver) were accurate,clear and directly perceived.In terms of the resection liver volume and resection margin,there was no significant difference between the predicted results and actual results [resection liver volume:(412.93 ± 471.26)cm3 vs.(487.02±529.01)cm3,t=0.75,P=0.46,resection margin:(13.72 ± 4.58) mm vs.(13.92 ±4.21)mm,t =0.23,P =0.82].The predicted resection liver volume was significantly correlated with the actual resection volume (r =0.91,P ＜ 0.01),the predicted resection margin was also correlated with the actual resection margin (r =0.89,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Three-dimensional reconstruction system (IQQALivcr) could accurately assess the resection volumc and margin of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Three-dimensional reconstruction and virtual hepatectomy for laparoscopic precise liver resection of right liver tumor / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of three-dimensional reconstruction and virtual hepatectomy for laparoscopic precise liver resection of right liver tumor.Methods 31 cases of right liver tumor from June 2012 to October 2015 at Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery in Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University,were analyzed retrospectively.Patients were divided into three dimensional reconstruction group (n =15) and control group (n =16),Operation time,bleeding volume during operation,postoperative complications and days of hospitalization after operation in two groups were observed.Results All operation was successfully performed with pure laparoscopic right liver tumor resection in three dimensional reconstruction group.In control group,1 case was completed by hand-assisted laparoscopic liver resection,1 case was converted to open operation,the remaining 14 cases underwent total laparoscopic right liver tumor resection.Operation time in 3-dimensional reconstruction group was (141 ± 36)min vs.(207 ± 66)min in control group,bleeding volume was (274 ±88)ml vs.(418 ± 189)ml,hospitalization after operation was (9 ± 3)days vs.(13 ±6)days (all P ＜0.05).Conclusions Preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction and virtual hepatectomy can ensure the localization of parenchyma tumor during the laparoscopic precise liver resection,clarifing the relationship between tumor operation section and peritumoral vascular or biliary ducts,fulfilling the idea of precise liver resection.

Multi-gene methylation detection increases positive methylation rate in colorectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study whether combined detection of the methylation status of vimentin, sFRP1, and HPP1 gene can increase the positive methylation rate in colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissue samples were collected from 90 patients with colorectal cancer, 60 patients with adenomatous polyp, and 20 healthy controls. DNA was extracted and the methylation status of vimentin, sFRP1, and HPP1 gene was detected by Methylation-specific PCR (MSP). The relationship between clinicopathologic features of colorectal cancer and gene methylation was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The methylation rates of vimentin, sFRP1, and HPP1 were 66.7%, 68.9%, and 72.2% in colorectal cancer, 53.3%, 55.0%, and 50.0% in colorectal adenomas, and 0, 0, and 5.0% in healthy controls, respectively. The methylation of each of the three genes in colorectal cancer tissues was higher than colorectal adenomas and healthy controls(P<0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity by combining three methylation markers was 93.3% in colorectal cancer, 76.7% in colorectal adenomas, which was higher than the sensitivity using single gene testing(P<0.05). No significant associations existed between the methylation status of the three genes and clinical characteristics including sex, age, tumor location, lymph node metastases, distant metastasis, and TNM stage(P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>DNA methylation levels of vimentin, sFRP1 and HPP1 are significantly higher in colorectal cancer tissue. Combined detection significantly improves the positive rate of methylation, and may be used as early diagnosis method for colorectal cancer.</p>

Study of CYP3A5 in drug resistance mechanisms in acute leukemia / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate if CYP3A5 is involved in drug resistances mechanisms of acute leukemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By using RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and MTT assay, CYP3A5 mRNA and protein were detected in leukemia cell lines and acute leukemia patients, meanwhile transcriptional regulation of CYP3A5 induced by daunorubicin was observed. A pcDNA3-CYP3A5 reconstituted plasmid and its stably transfected cell line HL-60/CYP3A5 were both established.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CYP3A5 mRNA was detected in K562 and U937 cells, whose IC(50) values of daunorubicin were 2.1-fold higher than those of NB4 and HL-60 cells. Bone marrow CYP3A5 positive blast cell percentage at the time of diagnosis in primary drug resistance group (17.2%) was significantly higher than that of continuous complete remission (CCR) group (0.4%) and secondary drug resistance group (5.4%). In their first complete remission of the early relapsed group, the positive rate had been 23.9% as compared with that of CCR group (1.3%). Daunorubicin increased CYP3A5 mRNA level in K562/A02 and activated its transcription in HL-60/ADR. HL-60/CYP3A5 cell was significantly resistant to daunorubicin and vincristine than HL-60 cells did (3.0 and 4.0 times, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CYP3A5 expressed in leukemia cells may cause in situ metabolization of many kinds of anticancer drugs, thus led to drug resistance.</p>

Effects of Red Orpiment on Cell Morphology and Expression of PML mRNA and Protein in NB4, and HL-60 Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

In this study the effects of red orpiment on NB4 and HL-60 cells were tried to determine. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR to determine the PML mRNA expression, immuno-fluorcscence study, together with the fluorescence stain and morphological observations were used. The results showed that: (1) red orpiment induces apoptosis morphologically in NB4 and HL-60 cells, the morphology of typical apoptosis can be seen in NB4 and HL-60 cells after 12 hours of treatment with red orpiment. Through the Wright's stain, we can see the extensive membrane blebbing, condensation of heterochromatin, and cell fragmentation, apoptotic body appearing. Many dead cells can be found on the second day. (2) in NB4 cells, red orpiment is shown to induce the PML-RARalpha chimera disappearance and to reorganize then to degradation of PML nuclear bodies which also seen in HL-60 cells, indirect immunofluorescence staining of PML with a specific monoclonal antibody was performed in control and treated cells. In NB4 cells, the control was diffusely microspeckled pattern of immunoreactivity. Upon red orpiment treatment, the microspeckled pattern disappeared, PML protein reversed into normal location. and the the size and the brightness of the particles were increased obviously. The normal nuclear distribution of PML protein was seen in untreated HL-60 cells. After treatment with red orpiment, in the nuclei of HL-60 cells, the size and the brightness of the particles were also increased. After two days of treatment with red orpiment, the immunofluorescent particles in cells almost disappeared. (3) the expression of PML mRNA is not changed in red orpiment-treated cells, RT-PCR to determine the PML mRNA expression in NB4 and HL-60 cells treated with red orpiment, the expression results are similar to the controls, that to say, the PML mRNA lever is unaffected. It was concluded that, red orpiment induced PML to play the effects of induce apoptosis in leukemia cells at the translational level and inhibited the proliferation of leukemia cells.